Key Dietary Guidelines for Peritoneal Dialysis

If you're on Peritoneal Dialysis (PD), your diet plays a vital role in maintaining your health. PD requires specific nutritional adjustments to help manage fluid and electrolyte balance, maintain muscle mass, and control blood sugar levels—especially because PD fluid contains dextrose (a form of sugar).

Unlike hemodialysis, PD generally allows more flexibility with fluid and potassium intake. However, you’ll still need to carefully manage your phosphorus, sodium, and protein intake.

Essential Nutrition Tips for People on Peritoneal Dialysis

Here are the key dietary guidelines for peritoneal dialysis:

1. Increase Protein Intake

PD causes more protein loss than hemodialysis, so it’s important to eat enough high-quality protein to maintain muscle strength and overall health.

2. Control Phosphorus

Excess phosphorus in your blood can weaken bones and cause symptoms like itching. Choose low-phosphorus foods and take phosphate binders as prescribed.

3. Monitor Potassium Levels

Depending on your lab results, you may need to increase or decrease potassium intake. Always follow the advice of your healthcare team.

4. Limit Sodium and Fluids

Too much sodium and fluid can lead to swelling and high blood pressure. Focus on fresh, home-cooked meals and avoid processed foods.

5. Manage Blood Sugar

PD fluid contains sugar, which can raise blood glucose levels—especially important if you have diabetes. Monitor carbohydrate intake and adjust insulin as needed. Always speak with your PD team if you're unsure about insulin or carbohydrate management.

Best Foods for Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Focus on nutrient-rich foods that support your dialysis and overall wellbeing:

High-Protein Foods (2–3 Servings Daily)

• Chicken, turkey, fish, eggs
• Tofu, Greek yogurt, lean beef

Fruits and Vegetables

Aim for 2–3 portions of each per day. These support bowel health and overall wellness. Make sure to tailor your choices based on your potassium levels.

Whole Grains

Whole wheat bread, brown rice, and oats help prevent constipation—a common issue for PD patients.

Low-Phosphorus Dairy and Alternatives

• Ricotta cheese, cream cheese
• Non-dairy milks (check for phosphorus additives)

Low-Sodium Choices

Cook from scratch using herbs and spices instead of salt.

Healthy Fats

Olive oil, avocado, and a small amount of nuts can be beneficial in moderation.

Foods to Limit or Avoid on Peritoneal Dialysis

High-Phosphorus Foods

• Dark sodas, chocolate
• Processed cheese, seeds, whole milk
• Foods with phosphate additives (look for ingredients containing "phos")

High-Sodium Foods

• Canned soups, processed meats
• Salty snacks, fast food

Sugary Foods

• Soft drinks, cakes, pastries

Fluids (if retaining water)

• Limit soups, juicy fruits, ice cream

Red Meat

• Eat in moderation to avoid excess phosphorus intake

Managing High Phosphate Levels

If your phosphate levels are elevated:

• Check if your dialysis is adequate—consider any line issues or shortened sessions
• Take phosphate binders with meals and snacks as prescribed
• If you miss a dose, take it with your next meal (don’t double up)
• Avoid foods with phosphate additives: look for ingredients like phosphoric acid or anything containing "phos"
• Limit high-phosphorus foods such as dairy, chocolate, and nuts
• You don’t need to avoid whole grains completely—they contain fiber, which reduces phosphate absorption and supports gut health

Managing High Potassium Levels

If your potassium is too high:

• Review your dialysis adequacy
• Revisit your usual food habits—have you introduced new high-potassium foods?
• Learn which foods are high vs. low in potassium and speak with your renal dietitian
• Avoid constipation—it can raise potassium levels
• Eat high-fiber fruits and vegetables to promote regular bowel movements
• Common helpful foods include wholegrain breads, kiwi, and papaya
• If constipation is an ongoing issue, consult your renal team

Ready for Personalised Support?

If you’d like tailored advice for your kidney health or help putting your diet into action, you can book a one-on-one consultation with a renal dietitian at any time.
We’re here to support you on your journey.

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